Hypokalaemic Periodic Paralysis

Hypokalaemic Periodic Paralysis

It is inherited as autosomal dominant and usually begins in the second decade. Weakness begins in the legs and gradually extends to arms as well as neck. Proximal muscles are affected more than distal muscles. Episodes of weakness varying from a few hours to 1 or 2 days occur. These may be precipitated by vigorous exercise, emotional stress or cold.

Diagnosis 

During the phase of weakness and paralysis serum K level decreases and may fall to 2 mmol/L. Hypokalemic changes on ECG may also be seen.

Treatment

• During an acute attack potassium is administered.
• Dietary potassium supplements, low carbohydrate diet or chlorothiazide may help in preventing these episodes.